20th Annual Phi Kappa Phi Student Research and Fine Arts Conference (2019)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10675.2/624602

The 20th Annual Phi Kappa Phi Student Research and Fine Arts Conference is an opportunity for all undergraduate students of Augusta University (Summerville and Health Sciences campuses) to showcase their scholarly and artistic endeavors. The conference will be held on Wednesday, March 13, 2019 on the Summerville campus. For more information visit http://www.augusta.edu/honorsocieties/pkp/conference-abstract.php.

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 55

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Effects of Withholding Cell Phones on Students' Autonomic Arousal, State Anxiety, and Test Scores
(2/13/2019) Recinos, Manderley; Streets, Hannah; Gaffney, Jasmine; Augusta University; Department of Psychological Sciences; Johnson, Michelle
Approximately 85% of Americans aged 18-29 have smartphones. Many people report that they get agitated when their phones are not immediately accessible.1,2Researchers studying the links between phone use and academic performance have focused on their disruptive nature (e.g., texting). No research has examined the effects of withholding phones during testing on test performance. The objective of this study was to assess whether withholding phones during testing affected students state anxiety, skin conductance (SC), and test scores. State anxiety is situationally determined, transitory, and associated with autonomic nervous system activation. SC (sweat gland secretions) is an index of sympathetic nervous system activation. We expected higher levels of self-reported state anxiety, higher levels of SC, and lower test performance among students who had their phones withheld compared with students who kept their phones. Eighty-six students participated. There were three conditions: phones withheld but kept in the same room as testing condition (n= 31), phones withheld but sequestered in a different room (n= 28), and control where students were not separated from their phones (n= 27). One-way MANOVA revealed no differences between the groups in state anxiety, SC or test scores. Data did reveal interesting trends we would like to discuss.
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SURVEYING MOSSES FOR FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY
(2/13/2019) Yan, Stephanie; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Abdulovic-Cui, Amy L; Christy, Charlotte
The emergence of resistance to current fungicides is of serious concern because of the widespread diseases caused by fungi. One approach to this problem is to discover new compounds that have antifungal properties. Plants are extensively attacked by fungi and have evolved many defenses. These include fungicides and other defenses, such as a waxy cuticle, that make attack difficult. The mosses (Bryophyta) lack a cuticle. This makes them a likely group to survey for fungicidal activity because they may have additional chemical defenses. In this study, both aqueous and ethanolic extracts were made from crushed mosses and tested for their effect on growth of the yeast�Saccharomyces cerevisiae. �Mosses were collected across a broad geographical range (Georgia, Arkansas, and Alaska) to test the hypothesis that resistance to fungal attack may be higher in mosses adapted to warm and moist environments. Results include the demonstration of fungicidal activity in some, but not most, of the mosses. There was no correlation with geographical origin.� Both solvents seem able to extract compounds that will suppress yeast growth. In addition, we show that fungicidal properties may be lost during drying.� Several mosses showed strong enough antifungal activity that further investigation seems warranted.
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EVALUATION OF CANIS HAIR AS A POTENTIAL WILD PIG REPELLENT ON COWDEN PLANTATION, JACKSON, SC
(2/13/2019) Hitchens, Samantha Rae; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Hull College of Business; Saul, Bruce
Invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) continue to have a destructive impact across the world. The uncontrolled spread of these intrusive animals has affected many cultures, making it important to develop management methods across many locales. Wild pigs are often hunted with dogs; however, this method may not be suitable or legal in all areas impacted by this animal. In consideration of this fact, along with the knowledge that pigs have a highly developed sense of smell, led us to the hypothesis: Can a natural scent function as a satisfactory pig repellant? Based upon our past testing trials of potential scents in the Savannah River swamp near Jackson, SC, dog hair appeared to have a potential effect. We designed this experiment to attract wild pigs into an area baited with corn, and subsequently applied dog hair to the same area. Trail cameras were used at study locations to observe the normal patterns of wild pigs before and after dog hair applications. We analyzed our data by noting the presence and absence of pigs throughout our study trials. Image totals were also examined to determine if the dog hair dissuaded the pigs from entering the area. Our results supported our hypothesis.
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DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF QUINOLONE-TRIAZOLE CONJUGATES AS POTENTIAL ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS
(2/13/2019) Honkanadavar, Hitesh H; Tran, Queen; Augusta University; Department of Chemistry and Physics; Panda, Silva
Quinolones are one of the most important synthetic antibacterial agents have been widely used in the treatment of diverse infections including urinary tract, respiratory and bone joint as well as sexually transmitted diseases, prostatitis, pneumonia, and acute bronchitis. However, quinolone resistance increases towards many Gram-negative and Gram-positive species. Molecular conjugation has been known for the rational design of new biologically active entities by fusion of compounds and/or pharmacophores recognized and derived from known bio-active molecules. The present study directs towards the construction of novel quinolone-triazole conjugates and investigation of their antimicrobial properties. The detail results will be discussed at the conference.
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EFFECT OF GABAERGIC NEURONS IN SUSCEPTIBLE VERSUS RESILIENT MALE RATS TO PTSD
(2/13/2019) Dixon, Rachel; Mandavilli, Rohan; Augusta University; Department of Phychological Sciences; Department of Biological Sciences; Departmetn of Pharmacology & Toxicology; Bunting, Kristopher M; Alexander, Khadijah; Vazdarjanova, Almira
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological disorder that can occur after a traumatic event. Individuals with PTSD exhibit extreme anxiety and learning and memory difficulties. Once exposed, 12-35% develop PTSD with women twice as likely to be affected than men. Our goal is to discover underlying mechanisms to prevent PTSD, as we investigate the relevance of glutamic acid decarboxylase positive (GAD+) neurons on susceptible (SUS) and resilient (RES) male rats. SUS and RES phenotypes were assessed using the highly advanced RISP protocol to reveal susceptibility to a PTSD-like phenotype. The increase of GAD+ cells in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) informs us that more GABAergic neurons are present, which can cause inappropriate recall. We will be examining if there is a difference in the number of GAD+ cells in the RES versus SUS male rats. To investigate, we used cryosectioned brains from SUS or RES rats. The brains were stained using immunohistochemistry to isolate the GAD+ neurons in the mPFC and were counted. The results of this experiment will be determined and examined at a later date closer to our presentation. We expect to see a SUS male rats to have a higher number of GAD+ neurons.
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STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF ADENYLYL CYCLASE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1/ADENYLYL CYCLASE COMPLEXES IN PANCREATIC CANCER CELLS
(2/13/2019) Mehrotra, Simran; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Sabbatini, Maria
Of all the different cancers, pancreatic cancer is one of the major unsolved health problems. It is important to study the mechanism through which the pancreatic cells migrate to prolong survival in patients. Concerning the progression of pancreatic cancer, the adenylyl cyclase (AC)/adenosine 3�,5� cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) pathway has shown to inhibit in the migration of pancreatic cancer cells. �Adenylyl cyclase- associated protein 1 (CAP1) is a protein that is involved in the regulation of actin microfilament formation, which ultimately leads to cell migration and invasion. The CAP 1 protein binds to G-actin, inhibiting polymerization which inhibits filopodia formation, inhibiting cell migration. In a previous research project in the lab it was found that CAP 1 reacts with different adenylyl cyclase (AC) isoforms: AC1, AC3, AC4 and AC7. behavior. The objective of this research was, through theoretical and experimental analyses, to determine to which extent CAP1 interacts with the 4 transmembrane AC isoforms mentioned above.�Through a sequential co-immunoprecipitation approach, I determined which AC isoform experimentally has a higher affinity for CAP1 using the HPAC cell line, which is moderately differentiated. Based on the theoretical and experimental results, AC3 and AC4 have the highest affinity for CAP1.
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PIPER NIGRUM IN ALZHEIMER'S AND COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
(2/13/2019) Jones-Asgill, Michael; Augusta University; Department of Kinesiology and Health Science; College of Nursing; Langley-Brady, Dawn
Every 65 seconds, someone in the U.S develops Alzheimer's dementia. Alzheimer's is a chronic brain disorder affecting approximately five million Americans. Alzheimer's is an irreversible form of dementia that progressively worsens memory and simple cognitive abilities. There is no known cure for Alzheimer's. Current treatment includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches (e.g. aromatherapy). Aromatherapy is the use of essential oils from aromatic plants and is being explored in cognition studies.Piper nigrum or black pepper has cognitive-enhancing properties. The purpose of this project was to review the literature regarding the use of black pepper in Alzheimer's. PubMed, CINAHL, Ovid Medicine, and ProQuest databases were searched for peer-reviewed journal articles written in English and published since 2014 with the following keywords: Cognitive, essential oil,Piper nigrum, aromatherapy and Alzheimer's. Nine articles were found that met the literature review criteria three animal and six human studies. These studies established the effectiveness of black pepper essential oil for both improving function and reducing cognitive decline. These studies may open doors for aromatherapy research in Alzheimer's. Despite efficacy, the preferred administration method (inhalation or topical) is unclear.Piper nigrum essential oil can potentially change Alzheimer's patients disease trajectory and should be further studied.
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SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF ALU REPEATED ELEMENTS FOR PRIMATE PHYLOGENETIC TREE CONSTRUCTION
(2/13/2019) Sood, Nitish; Mehra, Mehul; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; University of California Berkeley; Bates, Christopher; Mittal, Anav
Phylogenetic tree construction can be a particularly challenging and time-intensive process. This study employs a novel computational approach to phylogenetic tree construction, using the Alu repeating element, a SINE. Repetitive elements including Short and Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs/LINEs) have successfully been applied as accurate tools for phylogenetic analysis, as they are predominately unidirectional and homoplasy-free. However, previous analysis of phylogenetic relationships using these repeating elements has been limited to a small number of isolated repeats among relatively few organisms. As a highly repetitive sequence, the Alu element and its associated subfamilies can provide detailed analysis on evolutionary divergence among species in the Order Primates. This study identified shared sequences as Alu repeating elements that were conserved in both location and base-pair sequence between the primate genomes of interest. These shared sequences, derived from the Genome Library at the University of California San Diego, were analyzed to construct individual phylogenetic trees for each of the 49 Alu subfamilies. As this method solely requires the sequence analysis of available primate genomes, this serves as a cheaper and more time-efficient approach to phylogenetic tree construction for the Order Primates relative to biochemical and anatomical analysis.
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APOROSA OCTANDRA: STUDY THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ITS BARK EXTRACT AGAINST D-GALACTOSE INDUCED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN MICE AND ITS PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION
(2/13/2019) Schinder, Sonya; Augusta University; Department of Chemistry and Physics; Panda, Silva
Aging is a multifarious natural process, linked with several biochemical and morphological variations in the biological system. Aging not only challenges the increased vulnerability as well as homeostasis network to the cognition and locomotion but also to physical, mental or social activities. Medicinal plants have been used since ancient time to cure and prevent various diseases. Several natural compounds such as isoflavones, anthocyanins, and catechins isolated from plant sources act as a potent antioxidant against ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species).�Antioxidants, especially natural antioxidants are recommended for the prevention of aging. In this study, we utilized an unexplored traditional medicinal plant�Aporosa octandra�(Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) that�belongs to the family�Euphorbiaceae,�sub-family Phyllanthaceae that is shrub to tree, up to 15 m high and comprises of 50 species, which are distributed throughout Asian regions. This plant is enlisted as a medicinal plant and is used for centuries in the Ayurvedic system. We investigated phytochemical contents of the plant and evaluated the biological activity.
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PROFILING G PROTEINS USING BIOLUMINESCENCE RESONANCE ENERGY TRANSFER
(2/13/2019) Farooq, Maheen; Augusta University; Department of Chemistry and Physics; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology; Spencer, Angela; Lambert, Nevin; Okashah, Najeah
GPCRs are receptors that act in signal transduction pathways via guanosine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins). Extracellular ligands act on GPCRs resulting in activation of one or more G protein subtypes (Gs, Gi/o, Gq/11 and G12/13) affecting the concentration of intracellular second messenger molecules ultimately altering cellular function. Cellular responses to external signals are typically studied indirectly by measuring concentration changes in second messengers. However, this approach can be problematic as many GPCRs can activate multiple G protein subtypes, and many second messenger pathways engage in crosstalk. To address this issue, we used Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) to directly measure coupling between 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) receptors and different G protein family subtypes. We co-transfected cells with plasmid DNA encoding the 5-HT2B or 5-HT4 receptors fused to the bioluminescent protein nanoluciferase (NLuc) as well as plasmid DNA containing G protein subtypes fused to the fluorescent protein Venus. In BRET assays, we found that mGsq couples to 5-HT2B and mGscouples with 5-HT4 in response to 5-HT activation. These results are consistent with the literature. Interestingly, initial studies suggest that activated 5-HT4 shows secondary coupling to mGsi highlighting the potential novel signaling pathways that can be elucidated using this technique.
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SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF THE COMBINATION OF ERLOTINIB & EXO2 ON HEAD AND NECK CANCER
(2/13/2019) Thakkar, Parth; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Department of Oral Biology; Teng, Yong
More than 90% of head and neck cancer is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma1 (HNSCC). Currently, the treatment involves modern surgery, conventional chemotherapy, and radiation. However, targeting, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been shown to prove advantageous for patient survival. EGFR activation leads to cell cycle progression. Blocking the EGFR by an antibody results in the inhibition of the receptor, therefore inhibition of cell proliferation. This makes EGFR a prime target for anticancer therapy, specifically with tyrosine kinase inhibitors being looked at as a possible form of inhibition. The goal of this project was to hopefully use small molecule inhibitor EXO2 and an EGFR specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Erlotinib, in a synergistic manner to fight against HNSCC. This study was done using cell cultures, MTT assay�s and western blot techniques, with cell cultures being done using the H6 cell line. The results from this study were found to be a preliminary success and will pave the way for future experiments in this area.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY OF YELLOW-BELLIED SLIDERS (TRACHEMYS SCRIPTA) AND MUSK TURTLES (STERNOTHERUS ODORATUS) IN NATURAL WETLANDS
(2/13/2019) Hammesfahr, Rachel; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Cromer, Robert
Glyphosate is one of the active ingredients in many different herbicidal products such as Roundup. Preliminary research has suggested that glyphosate is a possible endocrine disruptor, can cause developmental defects, and is a potential carcinogen. Due to its potential harmful effects on different organisms, we seek to monitor the levels of glyphosate in wetland areas. This will be done by analyzing samples from two commonly found indicator species, the yellow-bellied slider turtle,�Trachemys scripta, and the musk turtle,�Sternotherus odoratus. Research will be done on turtles caught at Reed Creek Nature Center and Brick Pond Park. Physical measurements will be taken, and blood will be drawn from each turtle. Analysis of the glyphosate levels in the blood samples will be completed using a glyphosate ELISA kit. While this research will not prove that glyphosate has harmful effects on the turtles, it will quantify the amount of the chemical present. If there are high concentrations, this will indicate a need for more research on how glyphosate affects different organisms so long-term effects on the environment can be estimated.
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DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSGENIC ZEBRAFISH MODEL FOR INVESTIGATION OF THE FUNCTION OF MICROGLIA
(2/13/2019) Sura, Survasha; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology; Georgia Cancer Center; Rajpurohit, Surendra K
Zebrafish have emerged as a powerful model organism for elucidating the development and function of microglia. Generation of new transgenic reporter lines and imaging tools strengthen the zebrafish model in microglia study�in-vivo. The aim is to develop a novel compound transgenic line to study the inflammatory process mediated by NF-kB in microglia cells. This novel compound transgenic line will establish a new model for microglia study. To generate the novel compound zebrafish transgenic model for microglia, we are crossbreeding microglia transgenic line zebrafish (Tg(mpeg1:mCherry) with the NF-kB Tg(6xNFkB:EGFP) transgenic progeny. We first generate a heterozygous F1 progeny which will be bred to generate an F2 homozygous progeny. Once the F1 progeny of the Microglia-NfkB transgenic line is developed, they will be crossbred to develop the Homozygous compound transgenic line. Fluorescent Microscopy will be used to screen the larvae generated from the breeding events. By developing the compound transgenic line, we are optimizing microglia isolation and sorting methodology by using the related antibodies as the marker. The NF-kB microglia transgenic line will provide a unique platform for drug screening to address microglial based ailments, thus furthering the understanding and treatment of human disease.
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VACCINE PROLIFERATION IN THE FACE OF PUBLIC SCRUTINY
(2/13/2019) Sripathi, Nishita; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Department of History, Anthropology & Philosophy; Turner, Wendy
Each newly conceptualized vaccine has faced the same arguments over the last two centuries. A detailed examination of these several vaccines and their influences on the public will hopefully provide a better understanding of why the same arguments against vaccines continuously come up, even though each vaccine becomes widely used and celebrated. I supported my analysis by examining modern vaccine case studies and how those results may or may not skew the public reaction. By focusing on these two areas of research, I tried to understand the reasons behind persisted vaccine apprehension, even though there have been multiple and well-supported conclusions that vaccines are essential to a healthy human population. Perhaps by understanding the public�s fear, I can one day suggest alternate methods of vaccine �roll out� and introduction to the public.
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THE EFFECTS OF CIRCULATING ESTROGEN ON SIRT1 LEVELS IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
(2/13/2019) O'Bryant, Sinead; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Harris, Ryan
According to epidemiological data, healthy premenopausal women exhibit greater protection from cardiovascular disease (CVD) when compared to men of a similar age. �It has been hypothesized that estrogen, one of the primary female sex hormones, is responsible for this protection. Previous studies have shown that the nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide-(NAD+)-dependent histone-deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) provides protection from hyperglycemia, metabolic and endothelial dysfunction, all which contribute to CVD development. �The aim of this analysis was to show the potential relationship between circulating endogenous estrogen and SIRT1 in premenopausal women and its association with HbA1c, an indicator of glycemic state.� By utilizing the menstrual cycle, when estrogen is at its highest range during the follicular phase and at its lowest during meneses, the effects based on circulating estrogen on SIRT1 concentrations were evaluated in women by ELISA of participant blood plasma. �The results show SIRT1 and circulating estrogen have a significant positive correlation, and SIRT1 and HbA1c have a trending negative correlation. It was also seen that SIRT1 concentrations were found to be protected against high HbAlc levels when endogenous estrogen was high, providing evidence that circulating estrogen may act as a mediator of SIRT1, functioning as a protective mechanism from CVD in premenopausal women.
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SMALL AND DANGEROUS: MICRORNA-21 AND BLINDNESS
(2/13/2019) Rajpurohit, Shubhra; Augusta University; Department of Ophthalmology; Thounaojam, Menaka C; Jadeja, Ravirajsinh; Gutsaeva, Diana; Bartoli, Manuela
Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a potentially blinding condition characterized by the development of small, leaky, abnormal, blood vessels in the retina. This occurs as a consequence of retinal ischemia, which promotes the release of angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding RNA involved in post-transcriptional regulation of genes resulting in the blockade of their expression. MiRs are key players in a wide range of biological processes such as cell differentiation, neurogenesis, viral infection, immunity, and hypoxia. More specifically, microRNA-21 (miR-21) is upregulated in many pathological conditions including cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Previously, we have shown that microRNA-21 (miR-21) is a downstream effector of the transcription factor Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) in retinal endothelial microvascular cells. Here, we will identify new therapeutic targets as well as diagnostic tools to prevent retinal neovascularization and, potentially, other ocular diseases. One well-known retinal angiostatic factor is pigmented epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). Increased miR-21 expression in the ischemic retina affects PEDF �gene� expression. Interestingly, miR-21 is known to inhibit the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR?). PPAR? is a transcription factor for PEDF; therefore, increased miR-21 level in the ischemic retina could lead to inhibition of PPR alpha expression and consequent inhibition of PEDF expression.
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AN EXAMINATION OF MORAL PANICS: HOW THE FEAR OF SATANISM AFFECTED TABLETOP ROLE PLAYING
(2/13/2019) Williams, Travis; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Department of Communication; Department of Anthropology & Philosophy; Johnson, Edgar; McClelland-Nugent, Ruth
Moral panics around youth entertainment have been an occurrence as long as culture has been established. As long as youth entertainment has values that can be seen as going against the established values of the preceding generation, a moral panic could take place. The purpose of this research was to analyze how moral panics centered on youth entertainment begin and gain traction. To do this, the research was focused on the 1980s moral panic around tabletop roleplaying games, specifically�Dungeons & Dragons. By tracing the origin of the moral panic to the fear of cults and occult from the 1970s, we can find more context as to why some individuals believed that role playing games could cause adolescents to use the games as a style of dangerous escapism or as a gateway to the occult. To further understand this moral panic, an analysis of some of the major detractors of role playing games was done, as well as researching the role the media played in cultivating the moral panic. With a greater understanding on how moral panics begin and gain traction, this research can be used to compare and contrast other moral panics around youth entertainment.
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THE MECHANISM OF INVERSE AGONISTS ON HISTAMINE RECEPTORS, HISTAMINE RECEPTOR H1, AND HISTAMINE RECEPTOR H2
(2/13/2019) Patel, Shrey P; Augusta University; Department of Phychological Sciences; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology; Lambert, Nevin
The experiment discusses the role of inverse agonist binding to receptors and how its effect cell signaling. The specific receptors that was focused on in the project was histamine receptor H1 (HRH1) and histamine receptor H2 (HRH2) which are types of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). Both receptors are activated when a ligand, specifically a histamine molecule, which binds to the receptor and activates the signaling pathway within the cell. The main protein within the signaling pathway is the G-protein which helps the cascade effect of the signal to other molecules. G-proteins are activated through GTP. An inverse agonist works like an agonist but will have an opposite end effect within the cell. It was originally thought that inverse agonist works the same way as an agonist to recruit a GTP and activate a G-protein for signaling. The experiment being tests tries to explain the opposite that the inverse agonist could activate the protein without GTP and continue to have its effect on the cell. Human embryonic cells were transfected with plasmids that contain sequences for the receptors and the G-protein, which were also tagged with a fluorophore to measure any bioluminescence with interaction of G-protein and the receptor when the ligands binds. From collecting data from the bioluminescence effect, it shows that there is an interaction a receptor and G-protein complex when the inverse agonist is bound.
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ADIPOSE HDAC9 DELETION PROTECT AGAINST DIET INDUCED OBESITY IN MICE THROUGH REGULATING ENERGY EXPENDITURE
(2/13/2019) Hassan, Nazeera; Zarzour, Abdalrahman; Augusta University; Department of Biological Sciences; Department of Medicine; College of Allied Health Sciences; Kim, Ha Won; Weintraub, Neal
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DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF HYBRID CONJUGATES AS POTENTIAL ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS
(2/13/2019) Littlefield, William E; Wade, Margaret; Makkanal, Tina; Augusta University; College of Science and Mathematics; Department of Chemistry and Physics; Panda, Silva
Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms are major challenges despite all the steps taken to control or cure. New drug development with high efficacy/selectivity for infectious diseases is a point of interest for many researchers. It has reported that tuberculosis is one of the ten major causes of death in the world. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is another major concern in bacterial and fungal infections. The present study deals with the development of new conjugates of pyrazinoic acid and isoniazid linked via an amino acid. The synthesized conjugates show promising and interesting results against a variety of microbial strains, tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Molecular modeling studies were used for understanding and validation of the experimental data.

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