RPE as a key modulator of oxidative stress, inflammation, and hemoglobin production in retinal health and disease

Abstract

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a highly specialized monolayer of pigmented cells located between the neural retina and the choroid in the eye. RPE provides structural support and functions that are crucial for maintaining healthy retina and its visual activities. Damage to or dysfunction of RPE is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of several ocular diseases. This study focuses specifically on the role of RPE in the pathophysiology of two ocular diseases: age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and sickle cell retinopathy (SR). This dissertation first gives an overview of the eye with a detailed description of the structure and function of the neural retina and RPE, followed by literature reviews on the pathophysiology o f and current therapeutic options for AMD and SR. The rationale and significance of the study with respect to each disease is discussed separately. Then, the manuscripts detailing the major research findings are presented. Last, the discussion and summary of the overall research findings and the conclusion of the study are provided.